Learning as a social activity: Learning 2.0?

關於Knowledge 2.0 – tensions and challenges for education.這篇論文的一些討論。

web2.0 （圖上）出現後，原本在web 1.0上的數位學習思維也跟著改變。因此提出了所謂Learning 2.0 （圖左）的說法。

論文中舉了一個由原本web1.0轉型為web.20學習網站的例子。Connexions(a place to view and share educational material made of small knowledge chunks called modules that can be organized as courses, books, reports, etc. Anyone may view or contribute)

作者在論文中的觀點web2.0 和 web1.0最大的不同是web 2.0 強調使用者參與的部份，帶來許多新的教育面的可能性。（Goals of web 2.0 are participation, communication, knowledge construction and sharing of practices as ends in themselves. Participation is the point!）

作者也提出一些這個想法實際運作上會發生的問題。

"Bonderup Dohn says:Relationship between technology and human needs and activities is a dialectical one – resulting in contradictions and tensions.Harnessing web 2.0 for educational goals will change these internal purposesThere is a tension between educational goals that focus on the individual and their development and the dynamic, open –ended and distributed characteristics of web 2.0 interactions."

這些問題在實際教學運作上得確是問題，web 2.0原本指的就是技術而已。要套在教育上本來就是需要調整作法，而衝突換個角度想其實也是屬於教育的一部分，就是看帶領者如何引導學習者思考。作者在文中也提到。

"Putting it bluntly – too bluntly, perhaps – participation in Web 2.0-practices is for the sake of qualifying the participation in them, whereas participation in educational practices is for the sake of qualifying to get out of them."
其實從技術觀點看Learning 2.0 會單純的多，就是當ICT tools 的所能提供的功能越多，使用者能受惠的可能性就越高（affordance),在這個角度下web 2.0就很明顯只是Learning2.0的一部分（如左圖）。該思索的應該是，人們如何在這樣的環境下讓學習效能最大化。

從這個角度再回到web 2.0 的討論上，以知識習得（knowledge acquisition）為目的來看學習的過程，就不難發現為什麼作者用web1.0 到 2.0來對比人的學習過程。從個人知識建構（Piaget）到社會建構（Vygotski）的過程。網路所能提供的支持（scaffolding）也是目前所有的ICT tools中最大的。

Piagetian-inspired construction of mental representations and schematas (Piaget, 1950), to Vygotskian inspire dinternalization of socially mediated knowledge (Vygotsky, 1978).

可能給予的幫助最大，可能發生的危險也越多，ICT tools 永遠的雙刀兩刃命題。

Microsoft 幾個和web2.0 相關的網站:
Photosynth: http://labs.live.com/photosynth/
WorldWide Telescope: http://www.worldwidetelescope.org/
Tafiti: http://tafiti.mslivelabs.com/
PopFly: http://www.popfly.com

相關資料
What is Web 2.0?
Form web 1.0 to 2.0
Results and analysis of the Web 2.0 services survey undertaken by the SPIRE project

oxford 所做關於web 2.0的專案報告
Vocabulary:epistemology (知識論)

Reference:

Learning 2.0 meets Web 2.0:http://blogs.technet.com/rgode/archive/2008/05/21/learning-2-0-meets-web-2-0.aspx
http://jerry_cheng.blogs.com/view_points/2006/06/on_affordance.htmlhttp://www.sirsidynix.com/Resources/Pdfs/Company/Abram/OLA_Learning_2.0_2008.pdf